Unit 1 Topic 1
he a good summer holiday 过一个愉快的暑
come back from… 从……回来
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
he / has been to 去过某地
he /has gone to 去某地了
take photos 照相 by the way 顺便说
take part in = join in 参加
learn (sth.) from sb.向某人学习
he / live a hy/ hard / normal life 过着幸福/艰苦的/正常的生活
in detail 详细地 in order to do sth. 为了做…
help support families 帮助养家糊口 give support to sb. / give sb. Support为某人提供帮助
with the development of …. 随着……的发展
see sth. oneself 亲眼所见
keep in touch with与..….保持联系
get a good education 受到良好的教育
go abroad 出国，
at home and abroad 在国外
what’s more. 而且
in the past 在过去 at present 现在
dream about+sth / doing 梦想…/做…
in the future 在将来
in the 1960s 在二十世纪六十年代
enjoy leisure activities享受闲暇的活动
many sorts of =many kinds of 许多种类的
not only …but also…不但…../.而且
make progress取得进步，取得进展
hen to sb. /sth. 发生在……身上
in the open air在户外
draw up 拟定，起草 thanks to幸亏，由于
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
It is important (for sb) to do sth做某事（对某人而言）是重要的
Topic2
get lost 迷路，走失 Bad luck!真倒霉！
call sb up = ring sb up给…打电话
So do I.我也是。
So/neither +be /情态动词/助动词 +主语. （另一个） …(不)也如此。
at least至少 at that time 那时
take place 发生
because of 因为，由于
one-child policy 独生子女政策
be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
be strict in / about sth. 对某事严格要求
any other + 单数名词
any other country 其它任何一个国家
in recent years = recently最近几年
increase by +倍数或百分数 “增加了……倍或百分之…… increase to 增加到…
What’s the population of China？= What’s the number of people in China？中国有多少人口？
in developing countries在发展中国家 in developed countries 在发达国家
So it is. 的确是, 确实如此 carry out 实行，执行 one fifth 五分之一
be short of 短缺 be short for … 是……的缩写 so far 到目前为止
take measures to do sth.取措施做某事
be known as = be famous as作为…而著名
less than 不到，少于 more than多于
a couple of 一些，几个
unless…= if …not.除非，如果不
work well in (doing ) sth. 在某方面起作用
keep up with 赶上，跟上
现在完成时常与下列表不明确的状语连用：
1．already 和 yet
already “已经”（多用于肯定陈述句），
如：He has already gone home.
yet “已经; 还”（用于否定句或疑问句），
如：He you found him yet?
I hen’t finished my homework yet.
※ already 也可用于疑问句，表“出乎意料或惊奇”
He you finished your homework already?
2． ever “曾经”（多用于疑问句，问初次经历），
如：I he ever been abroad.
never从未；从来不”（多用于否定陈述句），常回答ever的句型。如：I he never seen him before.
----Has he ever been abroad? ----No, never.
3．just “刚刚”（多用于肯定句，位于谓语动词之前），I he just tried to call you.
4．before之前”（一般位于句末；常与never呼应）， ：
He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before.
Topic 3
get used to doing sth = be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
be used to do /for sth/doing sth 被用来做某事
used to do sth 过去常常做某事
否定：didn’t use to do sth
go to plays /concerts/operas去看戏剧/去听音乐会去看歌剧
come for a visit来参观
as a matter of fact=in fact事实上
in need 在困难时， 在贫困之中once conj. 一旦…就…，adv. 一次, 从前
it is+ adj. +for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做… 是
decide on+n.\v-ing = decide to do sth 决定要做某事
lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
borrow sth from sb向某人借来某物
provide sb.with sth. =offer sb. sth.提供给某人某物
be sucessful in doing sth=succeed in doing sth 成功完成某事
feel good 感到愉快或有信心
return to a normal life 重新回到正常的生活
obey /disobey the rules遵守\违反规则
take drugs
Project Hope 希望工程
in the past+时间 在过去的……里
in the past six years在过去的16年里
the people at home and abroad 国内外的人们
thousands of…数以千计的
hundreds of …数以百计的
millions of…数以百万计的
aim to do sth 目标是做某事，为了做某事
pay for 付款
in poor areas 在贫困地区
send …to… 把…送到/派到…
现在完成时中延续性的动作或状态和由for / since 引导的一段时间状语搭配使用。
a)“for + 时间段” (长达…) 与 “since + 时间点”（自从……以来）， 都表“一段时间”，常用How long 提问。
如: ----How long he you been like this?
---I he been like this since last month./ for a month.
---How long he you lived in Changle?
----I he lived in Changle for ten years / since ten years ago.
b) 如句中含有非延续性动词，则改为相应的延续性动词或状态。
如：I bought this TV three days ago.= I he had this TV for three days.
His cat died yesterday.= His cat has been dead since yesterday.
常见的非延续性动词转换成延续性动词如下：
come—be here; go—be there; close—be closed; open—be open;
buy—he; borrow —keep; lee—be away; begin—be on;
finish—be over; die—be dead etc.
Unit 2 Topic 1
There be+sth./sb.+doing sth. 有某人或某物正在做… pour…into…向…排放
my goodness 我的天哪！
he/has gone不见了
It’s + 形容词+ for sb to do sth 做某事对某人…
It is difficult for me to breathe. 对我来说很难呼吸。
be harmful to=do harm to 对…有害
How long he you been like this?你处于这样的状况有多久了？
I’ve been like this since…自从…以来我就这样。
too much noise 太多噪音
too many problems 太多问题
in a bad mood心情不好
can/can’t stand sb / sth / doing …能/不能容忍…
stand sb doing sth 容忍某人做某事
stand /improve / protect the environment忍受/改善/保护环境
manage to do sth.设法做某事
try to do sth 尽力做某事
write to sb. 写信给某人
go /become deaf 变耳聋
he hearing loss听力丧失
It is reported that…据报道…
It is said that… 据说…
not all…不是所有的都…
quite a few/a lot/ bit 许多，大量
very few 几乎没有几个
no better than “同…（几乎）一样”, 和…(几乎)一样坏 in public 公开，公众
all sorts of = all kinds of 各种各样的
disturb others打扰别人
with the increase in…随着…的增长
high blood pressure高血压
in many ways在很多方面
as well 也in strong, changeable light 在强而多变的灯光下
Topic 2
as a result 结果
something useful 一些有用的东西
None of us likes pollution. 我们中没人喜欢污染 here and there = everywhere到处
walk on grass踩草坪
care for = look after = take care of照顾，照看
We should do everything we can to protect the environment.我们应尽一切努力保护环境
even worse甚至更糟make rules 制订规则day by day一天天in the beginning 一开始
die out 灭绝
realize the importance of ……意识到……的重要性
wash away 冲走 blow away 吹走；刮走ake away 带走
turn into = change into 转变成
blow strongly 吹得猛烈 cut down 砍伐
stop/prevent/keep from doing sth 阻止做 human beings 人类
turn off 关闭turn on 打开 turn up 开大，调大（音量等）turn down调小，关小（音量等）
on earth 在地球上millions of 数以百万记refer to提到take up占去（空间）deal with 处理
不定代词和不定副词：
(一) 不定代词：
指人：someone/ somebody anyone/ anybody no one/ nobody everyone/everybody
指物：something anything nothing everything
（二）不定副词
指地点：somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
（三）用法：
1． some-复合代词/副词常用于肯定句；如：
I saw someone in the room.
There is something in the woods.
He has gone somewhere warm for his holiday.
2． any-复合代词/副词常用于否定句或疑问句；如：
I didn’t see anyone in the room.
There isn’t anything in the woods. 。
He hasn’t gone somewhere warm for his holiday.
3． no- 复合代词/副词表全否定；如：
I saw nobody in the room.
There is nothing in the woods.
4． every- 复合代词/副词代替全部；如：
Everyone is here. 。
It seems he knows everything. 。
※ some-复合代词/副词用于疑问句中时，表希望得到对方的肯定回答或表请求；如：
Would you like something to drink?
※ any-复合代词/副词用于肯定句时，表“任何”；如：
If people spit anywhere in public, they should be punished.
如果人们在公众的任何地方吐痰，他们应该受罚。
※ 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；如：
No one knows this secret.
Everything goes well.
※ 如果有定语修饰,定语应放在不定代词或不定副词后；如：
I he something important to tell you.
There is nobody strange here. 这
※ no= not any → nobody = not anybody; nothing = not anything
She didn’t say anything. = She said nothing.
There is nobody strange here.
= There isn’t anybody strange here.
Topic 3
environmental protection环境保护
protect the environment 保护环境
spread the message 宣传信息
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
not only … but also 不但,而且
se money/ energy/ electricity 省钱/ 能源/ 电
so that 以便
It’s nice of you to do sth你做某事真是太好了
should = ought to = be supposed to do sth 应该
a greener person 一名绿色使者
instead of 代替 t
rel a short distance
=he a short journey 短途旅行
Easier said than done.说比做容易
Actions speak louder than words.行大于言
May I he your attention, please 请（大家）注意啦 ]
I he sth. important to tell you.我有重要的事要告诉大家 Please be on time.请准时
That’s all.我要说的就这些 nuclear energy核能 acid rain酸雨
produce power/ electricity 发电 be used for doing sth 被用于做
Unit 3 Topic 1
贴在墙上 stick sth on the wall
来看一看come and he a look
为……做准备 be ready for sth
准备做某事 be ready to do sth
迫不及待做某事 can’t wait to do sth=can’t help doing sth.
有机会做某事 he a chance to do sth
练习做某事 practice doing sth
能够做某事 be able to do sth
从现在起，开始 from now on
设法做某事 try one’s best to do sth
对…满意be pleased with… be satisfied with
和…相似 be similar to
与…..一样be the same as
出差 on business
把…翻译成 translate…into
整理包pack one’s bag
进行（一次）长谈 he a long conversation, he long conversations
向…求助 ask …for help
总的来说，通常 in general =usually (毫不)费力做某事
he (no) trouble/ difficulties (in)doing sth 偶尔 once in a while
作为母语 as mother tongue /first language
第二语言 second language
外语 foreign language
官方语言 the official language
把。。。分成 divide …into
……的总数/ 数量the number of……
许多 a number of
被广泛使用 be widely used
和某人交流 communicate with sb
这是事实 It’s true that+
处于领先地位 take the leading position
鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth
中国制造 made in China
把……看作，把…认为regard… as….
也as well as
即使even though 受。。。欢迎be popular with 在。。。做得好do well in
Unit 3 Topic 2
我听不懂你的话I can’t follow you.
做得好 Good on ya, mate =Well done
我明天要飞往迪斯尼乐园 I’m flying to Disneyland tomorrow.
祝你旅行愉快 He a good trip!
玩得开心 Enjoy yourself!
一直，总是 all the time
取决于，视……而定，依靠depend on (doing sth)
与…不同 be different from
与…相同 be the same as
……和……不同之处 differences between …and…
成功做某事 succeed in doing sth.
使别人理解你 make sb. understood (使动用法 make sb. done )
去飞机场的路上 on the way to the airport 送别 see sb off
伸出 put out 怎么了？What’s up? 想搭车 ask for a ride 搭乘，捡起pick up
我不明白 I’m puzzled.
我只是开玩笑 I’m just kidding.
至于某人/某物 as for sb/sth
一般来说,大体上 generally speaking =in general =generally
起居室 a sitting room =a living room
填表格 fill in a form =fill out a form
乘地铁 take the subway= take the underground written/oral English 书面/口头英语
众所周知 as we know
发生 come about （强调原因）=hen （强调偶然性）
被迫做某事 be forced to do sth 在开始时 in the beginning 渐渐地 little by little
总之 in short 纳take in 你好吗？
How are you doing?
写信给某人 write to sb.
写回信给某人 write back to sb.
更糟糕的是 even worse
向某人致以最美好的祝愿 Best wishes to sb.
用现在进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来时，常有“意图”、“安排”（但不是固定不变的）或“打算”含义。它表示最近或较近的将来，所用的动词多是位移动词。
如：come, go, arrive, lee, fly, start, begin, return, open, die
例：I’m going.
When are you starting?
Don’t worry. The train is arriving here soon.
表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外，亦可用于某些非位移动词。
如：My uncle is meeting us tomorrow.
She is buying a new bike soon.
Unit 3 Topic 3
使别人理解你 make yourself understood
陷入困境 ， 很尴尬 get into trouble
和某人会谈 he conversations with sb
在……努力，致力于 work hard at….
同意某人的看法 agree with sb.
英语口语 oral/spoken English
公开地， 公然地 ,在公共场合 in public
犯困 feel sleepy
担心期末考 be afraid of the final test
有时 at times = sometimes = once in a while
向某人求助 ask sb for help = turn to sb for help
想要做某事 feel like doing sth=want to do sth.=would like to do sth.
放弃 give up 写日记 keep a diary
请再说一遍 I beg your pardon.
给某人一些关于…..建议 give sb some advice
建议某人做某事 advise sb to do sth
在……方面很差/弱 be weak in
担心犯错 be afraid of making mistakes
理解课文大意 get the main idea of the article
深呼吸 take a deep breath
正确发音 get the pronunciation right
做听力训练 do some listening practice
做……最佳时间 the best time to do sth.
开班会 hold a class meeting
和某人分享…share sth. with sb.
谢谢你的倾听 Thank you for（your）listening.
做某事感到荣幸 It’s an honor to do sth.
尽可能经常 as often as possible
就这些 That’s all.
记住去做某事 remember to do sth.
记住做过某事 remember doing sth.
坚持做某事 stick to doing sth / keep on doing sth.
起初 at first 嘲笑某人 laugh at sb. 造（完整的）句子 make (complete) sentences
为了做某事 in order to do sth./so that +句子 逐渐意识到come to realize
最后，但同样重要的 Last but not least
wh- +to do
wh-是指when, where, which, who(m)及how等连接词，它们和动词不定式连用，即为wh- +to do结构。这种结构在句中常作主语、表语和宾语，作宾语时可以转换为宾语从句。(对于谓语动词来说，wh- +to do这个不定式动词的动作是个尚未发生的动作，所以在转换成宾语从句时，通常须加情态动词或用将来时表示未来。)
如：I don’t know what to do.=I don’t know what I should do.
She can’t decide which to buy.=she can’t decide which she will buy.
反之，如果主句中的主语与宾语从句中的主语一致时，宾语从句（由疑问词引导）通常可以与“疑问词+不定式”互相转换。
如：I don’t know what I should do.
=I don’t know what to do.
如果不一致就不能转换。I want to know what Mary will do.(不能说:I want to know what to do.)
Unit 4 Topic 1
环绕trle around
实现梦想 achieve one’s dream
发射send up
踏上set foot on
在做某事方面取得进步 make progress in doing sth.
为感到自豪 be proud of (doing)sth
劝某人做某事advise sb. to do sth.
期望某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.
毋庸质疑 there is no dou that…
在科技和商业领域 in technology and business
出现，产生 come into being
在…的帮助下 with the help of…/ with one’s help 多亏，由于 Thanks to….
做生意do business 玩游戏 play games 看** watch movies购物 do shopping 在
线聊天 chat on line
例如 such as /for example /for instance
头痛 get headaches 眼睛发炎
get sore eyes 正确使用 use sth. properly
发送,接收邮件 send and receive an mail 按照下面的指示做 follow these directions
打开turn on 把……和…..连接connet …to / with… 连上英特网connect to the Internet
点击 click on 输入type in
在屏幕上on the screen
一组信息的目录 a list of messages
做完某事 finish doing sth
宾语补足语: 宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等。
（一）、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语。如：
1.We call him Jim.（名词）
2.We must keep our school clean every day.（形容词）3.Call him in, please.（副词）
4.Lee it on the desk.（介词短语）
（二）、动词不定式作宾语补足语可分为三种情况：
1.跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有：ask, tell, get, teach, want, invite, like, allow, wish, encourage等。如：Tell Jane to sing us a song.
2.跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有“一感（feel）、二听（listen to, hear）,三让（make, let, he）,四看（look at, see, watch, notice）如：Let’s he a rest.
但这种结构变成被动语态时，to必须加上。如：
He was seen to lee the room with a book in his hand.
3.跟带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 这类动词只有help。如：
Can you help me (to) wash my clothes
（三）、分词作宾语补足语可分为两种情况。
1.现在分词作宾语补足语，经常表示正在发生的动作。可跟这类补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear等。如：
I hear somebody singing in the next room.
2.过去介词作宾语补足语，经常表示被动。如：
You need to he your hair cut.
Unit 4 Topic 2 When was it developed?
被允许做某事be allowed to do sth
对……有害 be bad for
把……给某人看 show sth.to sb.
由……制成be made of / from / in
被用来做…..be used for doing sth.
由…开发/ 发明/研制 be developed by / be invented by
这个用英语怎么说 What’s the English for this What’s this in English?
在日常生活里in one’s daily life
在某人一生期间 during one’s life
据说/据报道 It’s said /reported that +
克隆羊 the cloned sheep
到目前为止,至今为止so far
人类 human beings: 生物 living things:
和…相似 be similar to 和…一样the same as: 确切知道 know for certain
成为我们生活中的一部分 be part of our lives
对…感到惊异 be surprised at sth
独立思考 think for themselves
警告某人某事warn sb of/about sth /that
不再 no longer=not…any longer
把……看着/视为 treast….as…
为…做巨大贡献make a great contribution to (doing) sth 在医学领域in the medical field
对…有(不良)影响 he some( bad) effects on… 发现 find out
发挥很好的作用 work well in
只要 as long as
在其余时间里 during the rest of the time
迷路lost one’s way=get lost = be lost
在森林中迷路 lost one’s way in a forest
逃跑run away 使某人惊讶的是 to one’s surprise
一般过去时的被动语态
谓语部分的基本形式是be的过去式was/were+及物动词的过去分词。如：
Unit 4 Topic 3
太好了 /太令人兴奋Sounds great!/ That sounds exciting.
乘宇宙飞船 by spaceship
多么有趣What fun!
我恐怕不（会）。我希望如此（不）I’m afraid not./ I’m afraid so./ I hope so./ I hope not.
为了学习人类文化 in order to learn about human’s culture
亲眼所见 see…with one’s own eyes= see sth.oneself 科学研究 scientific research
参加有关火星的太空飞行 take part in the space flight to Mars
发现新东西 discover something new
喜欢……胜过…… prefer…to
长大 grow up
掌握一些基本技能 master some basic skills
在未来 in the future
以。。。为基础base on 绕地球go around the earth
相隔 at a distance of 在表面上 on the surface
相当于…的五分之二的强度 two-fifths as strong as
离…近 be close to
进展顺利 /不顺 go well / wrong
登上火星 land on Mars
在旅途期间 during the journey
更糟糕的是 what’s worse
水供给water supplies
限制用水 limit the use of water
值100元钱 be worth 100 yuan
值得做某事be worth doing sth
在太阳系之外 beyond the solar system
情态动词的被动语态:是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如：Aliens can not be seen on the earth.
在地球上不可能见到外星人。
Other planets may be visited soon in the future.
将来其他的星球也会有人登陆。
Scientific research should be done carefully.
应该认真地进行科学研究。
These trees must be watered in time.
这些树应该及时浇水。
